Which statement describes a key preventive measure against misalignment of reinforcement?

• A. Inadequate formwork bracing.
• B. Inaccurate plan translation.
• C. Accurate formwork, plan review, and use of spacers.
• D. Relying on concrete pour to align bars.

Answer: (C)

Preventing reinforcement from shifting starts with controlling the position of every bar before and during concrete placement. The best preventive measure is to have accurate formwork, a thorough plan review, and the use of spacers. Accurate formwork defines the exact boundaries where the bars sit, preventing them from moving under the weight and pressure of concrete. A careful plan review ensures the on-site layout matches the design, so spacing and cover are correct rather than guessed. Spacers physically hold the bars in the intended location and maintain the required spacing from other bars and the formwork, keeping the arrangement stable as concrete is poured.

Without these controls, bars can move due to formwork inadequacies or misread plans, leading to improper cover or congestion. Relying on the pour to align bars is not reliable, as concrete does not correct positional errors and can lock in misalignment, compromising strength and durability.